Question # 1
Scenario 4: TradeB is a newly established commercial bank located in Europe, with a diverse clientele. It provides services that encompass retail banking, corporate banking, wealth management, and digital banking, all tailored to meet the evolving financial needs of individuals and businesses in the region. Recognizing the critical importance of information security in the modern banking landscape, TradeB has initiated the implementation of an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001. To ensure the successful implementation of the ISMS, the top management decided to contract two experts to lead and oversee the ISMS implementation project.
As a primary strategy for implementing the ISMS, the experts chose an approach that emphasizes a swift implementation of the ISMS by initially meeting the minimum requirements of ISO/IEC 27001, followed by continual improvement over time. Additionally, under the guidance of the experts, TradeB opted for a methodological framework, which serves as a structured framework and a guideline that outlines thehigh-level stages of the ISMS implementation, the associated activities, and the deliverables without incorporating any specific tools.
The experts analyzed the ISO/IEC 27001 controls and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and its objectives. Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on a methodical approach that involved defining and characterizing the terms and criteria used in the assessment process, categorizing them into non-numerical levels (e.g., very low, low, moderate, high, very high). Explanatory notes were thoughtfully crafted to justify assessed values, with the primary goal of enhancing repeatability and reproducibility.
Then, they evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria, where they decided to treat only the risks of the high-risk category. Additionally, they focused primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures. To address these issues, they established a new version of the access control policy, implemented controls to manage and control user access, and introduced a control for ICT readiness to ensure business continuity.
Their risk assessment report indicated that if the implemented security controls reduce the risk levels to an acceptable threshold, those risks will be accepted.
Based on the scenario above, answer the following question:
Which of the actions presented in scenario 4 is NOT compliant with the requirements of ISO/IEC 27001? | | A. TradeB selected only ISO/IEC 27001 controls deemed applicable to the company
| | B. TradeB drafted the Statement of Applicability before conducting the risk assessment
| | C. TradeB decided to treat only the risks of the high-risk category
|
B. TradeB drafted the Statement of Applicability before conducting the risk assessment
Question # 2
| A healthcare organization needs to ensure that patient records are available to the medical staff whenever needed. Which measure should it prioritize to achieve this? | | A. Implementing multi-factor authentication | | B. Establishing record retention policies | | C. Using version control systems for data management |
B. Establishing record retention policies
Question # 3
Scenario 1:
HealthGenic is a leading multi-specialty healthcare organization providing patients with comprehensive medical services in Toronto, Canada. The organization relies heavily on a web-based medical software platform to monitor patient health, schedule appointments, generate customized medical reports, securely store patient data, and facilitate seamless communication among various stakeholders, including patients, physicians, and medical laboratory staff.
As the organization expanded its services and demand grew, frequent and prolonged service interruptions became more common, causing significant disruptions to patient care and administrative processes. As such, HealthGenic initiated a comprehensive risk analysis to assess the severity of risks it faced.
When comparing the risk analysis results with its risk criteria to determine whether the risk and its significance were acceptable or tolerable, HealthGenic noticed a critical gap in its capacity planning and infrastructure resilience. Recognizing the urgency of this issue, HealthGenic reached out to the software development company responsible for its platform. Utilizing its expertise in healthcare technology, data management, and compliance regulations, the software development company successfully resolved the service interruptions.
However, HealthGenic also uncovered unauthorized changes to user access controls. Consequently, some medical reports were altered, resulting in incomplete and inaccurate medical records. The company swiftly acknowledged and corrected the unintentional changes to user access controls. When analyzing the root cause of these changes, HealthGenic identified a vulnerability related to the segregation of duties within the IT department, which allowed individuals with system administration access also to manage user access controls. Therefore, HealthGenic decided to prioritize controls related to organizational structure, including segregation of duties, job rotations, job descriptions, and approval processes.
In response to the consequences of the service interruptions, the software development company revamped its infrastructure by adopting a scalable architecture hosted on a cloud platform, enabling dynamic resource allocation based on demand. Rigorous load testing and performance optimization were conducted to identify and address potential bottlenecks, ensuring the system could handle increased user loads seamlessly. Additionally, the company promptly assessed the unauthorized access and data alterations.
To ensure that all employees, including interns, are aware of the importance of data security and the proper handling of patient information, HealthGenic included controls tailored to specifically address employee training, management reviews, and internal audits. Additionally, given the sensitivity of patient data, HealthGenic implemented strict confidentiality measures, including robust authentication methods, such as multi-factor authentication.
In response to the challenges faced by HealthGenic, the organization recognized the vital importance of ensuring a secure cloud computing environment. It initiated a comprehensive self-assessment specifically tailored to evaluate and enhance the security of its cloud infrastructure and practices.
Based on scenario 1, what type of controls did HealthGenic decide to prioritize? | | A. Technical controls
| | B. Administrative controls
| | C. Managerial controls
|
B. Administrative controls
Question # 4
| Org Y. a well-known bank, uses an online banking platform that enables clients to easily and securely access their bank accounts. To log in. clients are required to enter the one-time authorization code sent to their smartphone. What can be concluded from this scenario? | | A. Org Y has implemented an integrity control that avoids the involuntary corruption of data | | B. Org Y has incorrectly implemented a security control that could become a vulnerability | | C. Org Y has implemented a security control that ensures the confidentiality of information |
C. Org Y has implemented a security control that ensures the confidentiality of information
Question # 5
| An organization has implemented a control that enables the company to manage storage media through their life cycle of use. acquisition, transportation and disposal. Which control category does this control belong to? | | A. Organizational | | B. Physical | | C. Technological |
B. Physical
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, the control that enables the organization to manage storage media through their life cycle of use, acquisition, transportation and disposal belongs to the category of physical and environmental security. This category covers the controls that prevent unauthorized physical access, damage and interference to the organization’s information and information processing facilities. The specific control objective for this control is A.11.2.7 Secure disposal or reuse of equipment1, which states that "equipment containing storage media shall be checked to ensure that any sensitive data and licensed software has been removed or securely overwritten prior to disposal or reuse."2
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022, Annex A
ISO/IEC 27002:2022, clause 11.2.7
Question # 6
Scenario 4: TradeB. a commercial bank that has just entered the market, accepts deposits from its clients and offers basic financial services and loans for investments. TradeB has decided to implement an information security management system (ISMS) based on ISO/IEC 27001 Having no experience of a management [^system implementation, TradeB's top management contracted two experts to direct and manage the ISMS implementation project.
First, the project team analyzed the 93 controls of ISO/IEC 27001 Annex A and listed only the security controls deemed applicable to the company and their objectives Based on this analysis, they drafted the Statement of Applicability. Afterward, they conducted a risk assessment, during which they identified assets, such as hardware, software, and networks, as well as threats and vulnerabilities, assessed potential consequences and likelihood, and determined the level of risks based on three nonnumerical categories (low, medium, and high). They evaluated the risks based on the risk evaluation criteria anddecided to treat only the high risk category They also decided to focus primarily on the unauthorized use of administrator rights and system interruptions due to several hardware failures by establishing a new version of the access control policy, implementing controls to manage and control user access, and implementing a control for ICT readiness for business continuity
Lastly, they drafted a risk assessment report, in which they wrote that if after the implementation of these security controls the level of risk is below the acceptable level, the risks will be accepted
Based on scenario 4, the fact that TradeB defined the level of risk based on three nonnumerical categories indicates that; | | A. The level of risk will be evaluated against qualitative criteria
| | B. The level of risk will be defined using a formula
| | C. The level of risk will be evaluated using quantitative analysis
|
A. The level of risk will be evaluated against qualitative criteria
Question # 7
| Diana works as a customer service representative for a large e-commerce company. One day, she accidently modified the order details of a customer without their permission Due to this error, the customer received an incorrect product. Which information security principle was breached in this case7 | | A. Availability | | B. Confidentiality | | C. Integrity |
C. Integrity
Explanation:
According to ISO/IEC 27001:2022, information security controls are measures that are implemented to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information assets1. Controls can be preventive, detective, or corrective, depending on their purpose and nature2. Preventive controls aim to prevent or deter the occurrence of a security incident or reduce its likelihood. Detective controls aim to detect or discover the occurrence of a security incident or its symptoms. Corrective controls aim to correct or restore the normal state of an asset or a process after a security incident or mitigate its impact2.
In this scenario, Socket Inc. implemented several security controls to prevent information security incidents from recurring, such as:
Segregation of networks: This is a preventive and technical control that involves separating different parts of a network into smaller segments, using devices such as routers, firewalls, or VPNs, to limit the access and communication between them3. This can enhance the security and performance of the network, as well as reduce the administrative efforts and costs3.
Privileged access rights: This is a preventive and administrative control that involves granting access to information assets or systems only to authorized personnel who have a legitimate need to access them, based on their roles and responsibilities4. This can reduce the risk of unauthorized access, misuse, or modification of information assets or systems4.
Cryptographic controls: This is a preventive and technical control that involves the use of cryptography, which is the science of protecting information by transforming it into an unreadable format, to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity of information assets or systems. This can prevent unauthorized access, modification, or disclosure of information assets or systems.
Information security threat management: This is a preventive and administrative control that involves the identification, analysis, and response to information security threats, which are any incidents that could negatively affect the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of information assets or systems. This can help the organization to anticipate, prevent, or mitigate the impact of information security threats.
Information security integration into project management: This is a preventive and administrative control that involves the incorporation of information security requirements and controls into the planning, execution, and closure of projects, which are temporary endeavors undertaken to create a unique product, service, or result. This can ensure that information security risks and opportunities are identified and addressed throughout the project life cycle.
However, information backup is not a preventive control, but a corrective control. Information backup is a corrective and technical control that involves the creation and maintenance of copies of information assets or systems, using dedicated software and utilities, to ensure that they can be recovered in case of data loss, corruption, accidental deletion, or cyber incidents. This can help the organization to restore the normal state of information assets or systems after a security incident or mitigate its impact. Therefore,information backup does not prevent information security incidents from recurring, but rather helps the organization to recover from them.
References:
ISO/IEC 27001:2022 - Information security, cybersecurity and privacy protection — Information security management systems — Requirements
ISO 27001 Key Terms - PJR
Network Segmentation: What It Is and How It Works | Imperva
ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.2 – Privileged Access Rights - ISMS.online
[ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.3 – Cryptographic Controls - ISMS.online]
[ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 5.30 – Information Security Threat Management - ISMS.online]
[ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 5.31 – Information Security Integration into Project Management - ISMS.online]
[ISO 27001:2022 Annex A 8.13 – Information Backup - ISMS.online]
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