Question # 1
Your company’s new CEO recently sold two of the company’s divisions. Your Director asks you to help migrate the Google Cloud projects associated with those divisions to a new organization node. Which preparation steps are necessary before this migration occurs? (Choose two.)
| A. Remove all project-level custom Identity and Access Management (1AM) roles. | B. Disallow inheritance of organization policies. | C. Identify inherited Identity and Access Management (1AM) roles on projects to be migrated. | D. Create a new folder for all projects to be migrated. | E. Remove the specific migration projects from any VPC Service Controls perimeters and bridges. |
C. Identify inherited Identity and Access Management (1AM) roles on projects to be migrated. E. Remove the specific migration projects from any VPC Service Controls perimeters and bridges.
Explanation:
To prepare for migrating Google Cloud projects to a new organization node, it's crucial to ensure that the projects' current configurations and dependencies are appropriately managed. The two necessary preparation steps are:
Identify inherited Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles on projects to be migrated (C):
Projects inherit IAM roles from their parent resources. Identifying these roles is essential to understand the permissions and access levels that users have on the projects. This will help in ensuring that after migration, the appropriate roles and permissions are applied correctly.
Remove the specific migration projects from any VPC Service Controls perimeters and bridges (E):
VPC Service Controls provide security boundaries around your Google Cloud resources to mitigate data exfiltration risks. Before migrating the projects, they need to be removed from any existing VPC Service Controls perimeters and bridges to prevent any disruption in access or network communication. After migration, the projects can be added back to the necessary perimeters.
References
Google Cloud IAM documentation
VPC Service Controls documentation
Question # 2
Which two implied firewall rules are defined on a VPC network? (Choose two.) | A. A rule that allows all outbound connections | B. A rule that denies all inbound connections | C. A rule that blocks all inbound port 25 connections | D. A rule that blocks all outbound connections | E. A rule that allows all inbound port 80 connections |
A. A rule that allows all outbound connections B. A rule that denies all inbound connections
Explanation:
Implied IPv4 allow egress rule. An egress rule whose action is allow, destination is 0.0.0.0/0, and priority is the lowest possible (65535) lets any instance send traffic to any destination
Implied IPv4 deny ingress rule. An ingress rule whose action is deny, source is 0.0.0.0/0, and priority is the lowest possible (65535) protects all instances by blocking incoming connections to them.
https://cloud.google.com/vpc/docs/firewalls?hl=en#default_firewall_rules
Question # 3
You are creating an internal App Engine application that needs to access a user’s Google Drive on the user’s behalf. Your company does not want to rely on the current user’s credentials. It also wants to follow Google- recommended practices.
What should you do? | A. Create a new Service account, and give all application users the role of Service Account User. | B. Create a new Service account, and add all application users to a Google Group. Give this group the role of Service Account User. | C. Use a dedicated G Suite Admin account, and authenticate the application’s operations with these G Suite credentials. | D. Create a new service account, and grant it G Suite domain-wide delegation. Have the application use it to impersonate the user. |
D. Create a new service account, and grant it G Suite domain-wide delegation. Have the application use it to impersonate the user.
Explanation:
To access a user's Google Drive on their behalf without relying on the user's credentials and following Google-recommended practices, you should use a service account with domain-wide delegation.
Create a Service Account:
Go to the Cloud Console, navigate to IAM & Admin > Service Accounts.
Click "Create Service Account" and provide necessary details.
Grant Domain-Wide Delegation:
Edit the service account to enable "G Suite Domain-wide Delegation".
Download the JSON key file.
Configure API Access in G Suite:
Go to the Google Admin Console.
Navigate to Security > API Controls > Domain-wide Delegation.
Add a new API client and use the client ID from the service account.
Authorize the necessary API scopes (e.g., https://www.googleapis.com/auth/drive).
Implement in Application:
Use the Google API Client Library for the desired language.
Load the service account credentials and perform user impersonation to access Google Drive.
References:
Domain-wide Delegation of Authority
Using OAuth 2.0 for Server to Server Applications
Question # 4
You are using Security Command Center (SCC) to protect your workloads and receive alerts for suspected security breaches at your company. You need to detect cryptocurrency mining software.
Which SCC service should you use? | A. Container Threat Detection | B. Web Security Scanner | C. Rapid Vulnerability Detection | D. Virtual Machine Threat Detection |
D. Virtual Machine Threat Detection
Explanation:
Enable Security Command Center (SCC):
SCC provides centralized visibility and control over your cloud resources' security status.
Ensure that SCC is enabled in your Google Cloud environment.
Configure Virtual Machine Threat Detection (VMTD):
VMTD is part of SCC and specializes in detecting threats within VM instances, such as cryptocurrency mining malware.
Navigate to the SCC settings in the Google Cloud Console.
Activate VMTD:
Enable VMTD for the projects or resources where you want to monitor and detect potential threats.
VMTD uses behavioral analysis to identify anomalies indicative of unauthorized mining activities.
Monitor and Respond to Alerts:
VMTD generates alerts when it detects suspicious activities, such as unauthorized cryptocurrency mining.
Set up appropriate response actions, such as notifications, automatic remediation, or manual investigation, to handle these alerts.
References: br>
Security Command Center Documentation
Virtual Machine Threat Detection
Question # 5
A customer has an analytics workload running on Compute Engine that should have limited internet access.
Your team created an egress firewall rule to deny (priority 1000) all traffic to the internet.
The Compute Engine instances now need to reach out to the public repository to get security updates. What should your team do? | A. Create an egress firewall rule to allow traffic to the CIDR range of the repository with a priority greater than 1000. | B. Create an egress firewall rule to allow traffic to the CIDR range of the repository with a priority less than 1000. | C. Create an egress firewall rule to allow traffic to the hostname of the repository with a priority greater than 1000. | D. Create an egress firewall rule to allow traffic to the hostname of the repository with a priority less than 1000. |
B. Create an egress firewall rule to allow traffic to the CIDR range of the repository with a priority less than 1000.
Explanation:
To allow Compute Engine instances to access public repositories for security updates while an egress firewall rule is in place to deny all internet traffic, you need to create a more specific egress rule that permits traffic to the CIDR range of the repository. The priority of this rule should be lower (i.e., a higher priority number) than the deny rule.
Steps:
Identify the CIDR Range: Determine the CIDR range of the public repository from which the security updates will be fetched.
Create Egress Firewall Rule: Create a new egress firewall rule allowing traffic to the identified CIDR range with a priority less than 1000.
Apply Firewall Rule: Use the Google Cloud Console or gcloud command-line tool to apply the new firewall rule.
References:
Google Cloud: Firewall rules
Creating firewall rules
Question # 6
Your organization is using GitHub Actions as a continuous integration and delivery (Cl/CD) platform. You must enable access to Google Cloud resources from the Cl/CD pipelines in the most secure way.
What should you do? | A. Create a service account key and add it to the GitHub pipeline configuration file. | B. Create a service account key and add it to the GitHub repository content. | C. Configure a Google Kubernetes Engine cluster that uses Workload Identity to supply credentials to GitHub. | D. Configure workload identity federation to use GitHub as an identity pool provider. |
D. Configure workload identity federation to use GitHub as an identity pool provider.
Explanation:
Challenge:
Ensuring secure access to Google Cloud resources from GitHub Actions CI/CD pipelines without directly managing service account keys.
Workload Identity Federation:
Allows for the delegation of access to Google Cloud resources based on federated identities, such as those from GitHub.
Benefits:
This approach eliminates the need to manage service account keys, reducing the risk of key leakage.
It leverages GitHub's identity provider capabilities to authenticate and authorize access.
Steps to Configure Workload Identity Federation:
Step 1: Create a workload identity pool in Google Cloud.
Step 2: Add GitHub as an identity provider within the pool.
Step 3: Configure the necessary permissions and bindings for the identity pool to allow GitHub Actions to access Google Cloud resources.
Step 4: Update the GitHub Actions workflow to use the identity federation for authentication.
References:
Workload Identity Federation
Configuring Workload Identity Federation with GitHub
Question # 7
You are troubleshooting access denied errors between Compute Engine instances connected to a Shared VPC and BigQuery datasets. The datasets reside in a project protected by a VPC Service Controls perimeter. What should you do? | A. Add the host project containing the Shared VPC to the service perimeter. | B. Add the service project where the Compute Engine instances reside to the service perimeter. | C. Create a service perimeter between the service project where the Compute Engine instances reside and the host project that contains the Shared VPC. | D. Create a perimeter bridge between the service project where the Compute Engine instances reside and the perimeter that contains the protected BigQuery datasets. |
A. Add the host project containing the Shared VPC to the service perimeter.
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