Question # 1
| Which two rules used by MSTP are similar to rules used by other STP methods? (Choose two.) | | A. MSTP uses port role election, similar to rapid STP on the instances. | | B. MSTP uses alternate path and primary path, similar to regular STP. | | C. MSTP uses root bridge selection, similar to rapid STP | | D. MSTP uses timers for transitioning the ports, similar to regular STP. |
C. MSTP uses root bridge selection, similar to rapid STP
D. MSTP uses timers for transitioning the ports, similar to regular STP.
Explanation:
MSTP maintains core concepts of spanning tree protocols, making these answers correct:
Root Bridge Selection: Like all STP variants, MSTP elects a root bridge for each MST instance (MSTI).expand_more Each MSTI has its own spanning tree topology, and the root bridge determination process is essential.
Port State Timers: MSTP relies on timers (Hello, Forward Delay, Max Age) to control transitions between port states (Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding) – a fundamental principle shared with other STP implementations.expand_more
Why Other Options Are Less Accurate:
A. MSTP uses port role election, similar to rapid STP on the instances.While port roles exist in MSTP, there are nuanced differences compared to RSTP. MSTP assigns port roles within each MSTI, not on a global, per-switch basis like RSTP.
B. MSTP uses alternate path and primary path, similar to regular STP. The concept of alternate and root ports exists in classic STP. MSTP utilizes a different approach within each MSTI, potentially using multiple active paths at the same time.
Question # 2
| Which is a requirement to enable SNMP v2c on a managed FortiSwitch? | | A. Create an SNMP user to use for authentication and encryption. | | B. Specify an SNMP host to send traps to. | | C. Enable an SNMP v3 to handle traps messages with SNMP hosts. | | D. Configure SNMP agent and communities. |
D. Configure SNMP agent and communities.
Explanation:
To enable SNMP v2c on a managed FortiSwitch, the essential requirement involves configuring the SNMP agent and community strings:
Configure SNMP Agent and Communities (D):
SNMP Agent: Activating the SNMP agent on FortiSwitch allows it to respond to SNMP requests.
Community Strings: SNMP v2c uses community strings for authentication. These strings function as passwords to grant read-only or read-write access to the SNMP data.
Understanding Other Options:
Create an SNMP user (A) is necessary for SNMP v3, not v2c, as it involves user-based authentication and encryption.
Specify an SNMP host (B) is typically a part of SNMP configuration but not a requirement just to enable SNMP.
Enable SNMP v3 (C )is not related to enabling SNMP v2c.
References:
For detailed instructions on configuring SNMP on FortiSwitch, you can refer to the SNMP configuration section in the FortiSwitch administration guide available on:Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 3
| Which two statements about managing a FortiSwitch stack on FortiGate are true? (Choose two.) | | A. A FortiLink interface must be enabled on FortiGate. | | B. The switch controller feature must be enabled on FortiGate. | | C. Only a hardware-based FortiGate can manage a FortiSwitch stack. | | D. FortiSwitch must be operating in standalone mode before authorization. |
A. A FortiLink interface must be enabled on FortiGate.
B. The switch controller feature must be enabled on FortiGate.
Explanation:
A FortiLink interface must be enabled on FortiGate (A): To manage a FortiSwitch stack, a dedicated FortiLink interface on the FortiGate is required. This interface is used to manage the communication between FortiGate and the FortiSwitch stack, enabling centralized control and configuration of the switches directly from the FortiGate.
The switch controller feature must be enabled on FortiGate (B): Enabling the switch controller feature on FortiGate allows it to manage connected FortiSwitch units. This feature provides tools and interfaces on the FortiGate for overseeing FortiSwitch configurations, monitoring switch status, and managing network policies across the stack.
Question # 4
| An administrator needs to deploy managed FortiSwitch devices in a remote location where multiple VLANs must be utilized to segment devices. No Layer 3 switch or router is present. The the only WAN connectivity is the router provided by the ISP connected to the public internet. Which two items will the administrator need to use? (Choose two.) | | A. A FortiSwitch interface connected to the ISP router configured with fortilink-13-mode enabled. | | B. FortiSwitch and FortiGate devices configured with VXLAN interfaces. | | C. FortiSwitch devices configured with NAT disabled. | | D. FortiSwitch devices that have the required internal hardware for this configuration. | | E. FortiSwitch and FortiGate devices configured with IPsec interfaces. |
B. FortiSwitch and FortiGate devices configured with VXLAN interfaces.
D. FortiSwitch devices that have the required internal hardware for this configuration.
Explanation:
To deploy FortiSwitch in a remote location with multiple VLANs and no Layer 3 switch or router, you would need specific configurations:
VXLAN Interfaces (B):
Purpose:VXLAN (Virtual Extensible LAN) allows network segmentation without a Layer 3 device, extending VLAN capabilities across dispersed geographical locations over the WAN. Implementation:Configuring VXLAN on both FortiSwitch and FortiGate can encapsulate Layer 2 traffic over a Layer 3 network, making it ideal for scenarios lacking dedicated routing hardware.
Appropriate Hardware (D):
Requirement: Not all FortiSwitch models might support advanced features like VXLAN; hence, ensuring that the hardware can support such configurations is crucial.
References:
For specific information on VXLAN configuration and hardware requirements, refer to the technical documentation provided by Fortinet: Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 5
| To enhance service in emergency situations, to which LLDP-MED Type-Length-Values does Forti-Switch advertise to IP phones? | | A. Network policy | | B. Inventory management | | C. Location | | D. Power management |
C. Location
Explanation:
Location (C): FortiSwitch uses LLDP-MED (Link Layer Discovery Protocol - Media Endpoint Discovery) to advertise various attributes to IP phones, among which "Location" is crucial in emergency situations. This information helps emergency responders to determine the physical location of the calling device, which is vital for prompt response in critical situations.
Question # 6
| Which statement about the IGMP snooping querier when enabled on a VLAN is true? | | A. Active multicast receiver entries are aging on each IGMP query sent on the VLAN | | B. IGMP reports on the VLAN are forwarded to all switch ports. | | C. The setting can only be enabled using the FortiSwitch CLI. | | D. All other indirectly connected switches will be unable to get IGMP multicast traffic. |
A. Active multicast receiver entries are aging on each IGMP query sent on the VLAN
Explanation:
Active multicast receiver entries are aging on each IGMP query sent on the VLAN (A): When IGMP snooping querier is enabled on a VLAN, it functions to manage multicast traffic within the VLAN by keeping track of multicast group memberships. The IGMP querier sends queries to determine which ports require the multicast traffic. The multicast receiver entries, which are entries that indicate which devices have requested the multicast data, age or time out based on these IGMP queries. Each query refreshes active connections but ages out entries that no longer respond, helping to ensure that multicast traffic is only sent to ports with active receivers.
Question # 7
| Which statement about the quarantine VLAN on FortiSwitch is true? | | A. Quarantine VLAN has no DHCP server | | B. Users who fail 802.1X authentication can be placed on the quarantine VLAN. | | C. It is only used for quarantined devices if global setting is set to quarantine by VLAN. | | D. FortiSwitch can block devices without configuring quarantine VLAN to be part of the allowed VLANs. |
B. Users who fail 802.1X authentication can be placed on the quarantine VLAN.
Explanation:
The correct statement about the quarantine VLAN on FortiSwitch is:
B. Users who fail 802.1X authentication can be placed on the quarantine VLAN. This feature allows network administrators to isolate devices that do not meet the network’s security criteria as determined through 802.1X authentication. Placing these devices in a quarantine VLAN restricts their network access, thereby protecting the network from potential security threats posed by unauthorized or compromised devices.
Option A is incorrect as the presence of a DHCP server in a quarantine VLAN depends on specific network configurations. Option C is incorrect without more context regarding global settings, and Option D misstates the functionality of quarantine VLANs, as their primary use is to restrict, not block, devices without additional VLAN configuration changes.
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