Question # 1
| Which two types of Layer 3 interfaces can participate in dynamic routing on FortiSwitch? (Choose two.) | | A. Detected management interfaces | | B. Loopback interfaces | | C. Switch virtual interfaces | | D. Physical interfaces |
B. Loopback interfaces
C. Switch virtual interfaces
Explanation:
In dynamic routing on FortiSwitch, certain types of interfaces are utilized to participate in the routing processes. The types of interfaces that can be used include:
Loopback Interfaces (B): Loopback interfaces are virtual interfaces that are always up, making them ideal for use in routing protocols where a stable interface is necessary. They are commonly used to establish router IDs and manage routing information more reliably.
Switch Virtual Interfaces (C): Switch Virtual Interfaces (SVIs) are assigned to VLANs and can have IP addresses assigned to them, making them capable of participating in Layer 3 routing. SVIs are essential for routing between different VLANs on a switch and can participate in dynamic routing protocols to advertise networks or make routing decisions.
Physical Interfaces (D) and Detected Management Interfaces (A) are not typically used directly by dynamic routing protocols for their operations in the context of FortiSwitch.
References: For more information on how these interfaces interact with dynamic routing protocols, you can check the FortiSwitch documentation on Fortinet’s official documentation site: Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 2
| Which statement about 802.1X security profiles using MAC-based authentication mode is true? | | A. FortiSwitch allows connectivity to all hosts connected to a port, if one host is authenticated. | | B. FortiSwitch can grant each device a different access level based on the credentials provided. | | C. FortiSwitch performs faster when using this security mode on the ports. | | D. FortiSwitch must communicate with the RADIUS server to authenticate devices. |
D. FortiSwitch must communicate with the RADIUS server to authenticate devices.
Explanation:
In the context of 802.1X security profiles using MAC-based authentication mode, the following statement is true: FortiSwitch must communicate with the RADIUS server to authenticate devices (D):
Authentication Process: MAC-based authentication involves the switch forwarding the MAC address of a connecting device to a RADIUS server. The RADIUS server then checks this MAC address against a database of allowed addresses to determine whether the device should be granted access to the network.
RADIUS Server Role: The use of a RADIUS server is crucial because it centralizes the authentication process and allows for scalable management of connected devices across the network.
References:
For comprehensive insights into 802.1X and MAC-based authentication on FortiSwitch, including the role of RADIUS servers, consult security configuration resources or the FortiSwitch security manual available at: Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 3
| Which interfaces on FortiSwitch send out FortiLink discovery frames by default in order to detect a FortiGate with an enabled FortiLink interface? | | A. All ports have auto-discovery enabled by default. | | B. No ports are enabled by default for auto-discovery. This must be configured under config switch interface. | | C. The ports with auto-discovery enabled by default are dependent upon the FortiSwitch model. | | D. The last four switch ports on FortiSwitch have auto-discovery enabled by default. |
A. All ports have auto-discovery enabled by default.
Explanation:
Fortinet FortiLink Protocol: The FortiLink protocol is Fortinet's proprietary mechanism for managing FortiSwitch units from a FortiGate firewall. It simplifies configuration and security policy enforcement across the connected network devices.
Auto-Discovery: FortiLink's auto-discovery feature means that by default, all ports on a FortiSwitch will actively send out discovery frames. This allows them to locate a FortiGate device that has a FortiLink interface enabled, streamlining the device management process.
No Configuration Needed: You don't have to manually configure individual ports for FortiLink discovery on FortiSwitch devices.
Question # 4
| Which QoS mechanism maps packets with specific CoS or DSCP markings to an egress queue? | | A. Queuing for egress traffic
| | B. Classification for ingress traffic
| | C. Rate limiting for egress traffic
| | D. Marking for ingress traffic |
A. Queuing for egress traffic
Explanation:
The QoS mechanism that directly maps packets with specific Class of Service (CoS) or Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) markings to an egress queue is:
Queuing for Egress Traffic (A):
Functionality:
This QoS feature involves assigning outgoing packets to different queues based on their priority level, which is indicated by their CoS or DSCP markings. The queues then manage the packets based on their priority, ensuring that higher-priority traffic gets transmitted sooner or with more bandwidth.
References:
For a deeper understanding of how egress queuing works and how it utilizes CoS and DSCP markings in FortiSwitch, detailed QoS configuration guides are available on: Fortinet Technical Documentation
Question # 5
| Which packet capture method allows FortiSwitch to capture traffic on trunks and management interfaces? | | A. SPAN | | B. Sniffer profile | | C. sFlow | | D. TCP dump |
B. Sniffer profile
Explanation:
FortiSwitch supports packet capture through various methods, but the Sniffer profile is specifically capable of capturing traffic on both trunks and management interfaces. Here's why:
Sniffer Profile (B):
Versatile Capture: The sniffer profile in FortiSwitch is designed to capture traffic across different types of interfaces, including trunks (where multiple VLANs are present) and management interfaces (used for controlling and monitoring the switch).
Configuration Flexibility: You can configure sniffer profiles to target specific traffic, offering flexibility in monitoring and troubleshooting network issues on both data and management planes.
Other Options:
SPAN (A) is used mainly for mirroring traffic to another port for analysis but is typically limited in its ability to capture management interface traffic.
sFlow (C) and TCP dump (D) are useful tools but do not specifically align with the capability to universally capture traffic across trunks and management interfaces in the context described.
References:
For further details on configuring and utilizing sniffer profiles on FortiSwitch, refer to the FortiSwitch management documentation: Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 6
| Which is a requirement to enable SNMP v2c on a managed FortiSwitch? | | A. Create an SNMP user to use for authentication and encryption. | | B. Specify an SNMP host to send traps to. | | C. Enable an SNMP v3 to handle traps messages with SNMP hosts. | | D. Configure SNMP agent and communities. |
D. Configure SNMP agent and communities.
Explanation:
To enable SNMP v2c on a managed FortiSwitch, the essential requirement involves configuring the SNMP agent and community strings:
Configure SNMP Agent and Communities (D):
SNMP Agent: Activating the SNMP agent on FortiSwitch allows it to respond to SNMP requests.
Community Strings: SNMP v2c uses community strings for authentication. These strings function as passwords to grant read-only or read-write access to the SNMP data.
Understanding Other Options:
Create an SNMP user (A) is necessary for SNMP v3, not v2c, as it involves user-based authentication and encryption.
Specify an SNMP host (B) is typically a part of SNMP configuration but not a requirement just to enable SNMP.
Enable SNMP v3 (C )is not related to enabling SNMP v2c.
References:
For detailed instructions on configuring SNMP on FortiSwitch, you can refer to the SNMP configuration section in the FortiSwitch administration guide available on:Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 7
| Which two rules used by MSTP are similar to rules used by other STP methods? (Choose two.) | | A. MSTP uses port role election, similar to rapid STP on the instances. | | B. MSTP uses alternate path and primary path, similar to regular STP. | | C. MSTP uses root bridge selection, similar to rapid STP | | D. MSTP uses timers for transitioning the ports, similar to regular STP. |
C. MSTP uses root bridge selection, similar to rapid STP
D. MSTP uses timers for transitioning the ports, similar to regular STP.
Explanation:
MSTP maintains core concepts of spanning tree protocols, making these answers correct:
Root Bridge Selection: Like all STP variants, MSTP elects a root bridge for each MST instance (MSTI).expand_more Each MSTI has its own spanning tree topology, and the root bridge determination process is essential.
Port State Timers: MSTP relies on timers (Hello, Forward Delay, Max Age) to control transitions between port states (Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding) – a fundamental principle shared with other STP implementations.expand_more
Why Other Options Are Less Accurate:
A. MSTP uses port role election, similar to rapid STP on the instances.While port roles exist in MSTP, there are nuanced differences compared to RSTP. MSTP assigns port roles within each MSTI, not on a global, per-switch basis like RSTP.
B. MSTP uses alternate path and primary path, similar to regular STP. The concept of alternate and root ports exists in classic STP. MSTP utilizes a different approach within each MSTI, potentially using multiple active paths at the same time.
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