Question # 1
| Which statement about the use of the switch port analyzer (SPAN) packet capture method is true? | | A. Mirrored traffic can be sent across multiple switches. | | B. SPAN can be configured only on a standalone FortiSwitch. | | C. Traffic on the management interface can be mirrored and captured by the monitoring device. | | D. The monitoring device must be connected to the same switch where the traffic is being mirrored. |
A. Mirrored traffic can be sent across multiple switches.
Explanation:
The correct statement about using the Switch Port Analyzer (SPAN) packet capture method on FortiSwitch is that "Mirrored traffic can be sent across multiple switches (A)." This feature allows for extensive traffic analysis as it enables network administrators to configure SPAN sessions that span across different switches, thereby providing the capability to monitor traffic across a broad segment of the network infrastructure.
Question # 2
| Which two statements about 802.1X authentication on FortiSwitch ports are true? (Choose two.) | | A. All hosts behind an authenticated port are allowed access after a successful authentica-tion. | | B. A security policy is used to apply 802.1 authentication on a port. | | C. A local user database must be used to authenticate devices using the 802.1X authentica-tion protocol. | | D. All devices connecting to FortiSwitch must support 802.1X authentication. |
A. All hosts behind an authenticated port are allowed access after a successful authentica-tion.
D. All devices connecting to FortiSwitch must support 802.1X authentication.
Explanation:
All hosts behind an authenticated port are allowed access after a successful authentication (A): Once a device on a port successfully authenticates using 802.1X, all other devices connected behind that port also gain network access. This is typical in scenarios where a switch is behind an authenticated port and not each device individually authenticates.
All devices connecting to FortiSwitch must support 802.1X authentication (D): For a network secured with 802.1X, all devices attempting to connect through the FortiSwitch must support and participate in 802.1X authentication to gain access. This ensures that all devices on the network are authenticated before they are allowed to communicate on the network.
Question # 3
| FortiGate is unable to establish a tunnel with the FortiSwitch device it is supposed to manage Based on the debug output shown in the exhibit, what is the reason for the failure? | | A. The handshake process timed out before FortiSwitch responded. | | B. DTLS client hello had the incorrect pre-shared key. | | C. The CAPWAP tunnel failed to come up due to a mismatch in time. | | D. FortiSwitch has disabled FortiLink and is only managed as a standalone. |
C. The CAPWAP tunnel failed to come up due to a mismatch in time.
Explanation:
The issue described pertains to the establishment of a tunnel (likely a CAPWAP tunnel for management purposes between FortiGate and FortiSwitch). Based on typical error analysis in tunnel setup scenarios:
The CAPWAP tunnel failed to come up due to a mismatch in time (Option C): This answer is plausible because time synchronization is crucial for security protocols that underpin tunnel establishments, such as DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer Security) used within CAPWAP tunnels. If the clocks on FortiGate and FortiSwitch are significantly out of sync, the security handshake (which can include timestamp validation) could fail, preventing the tunnel from coming up.
Question # 4
| Which two rules used by MSTP are similar to rules used by other STP methods? (Choose two.) | | A. MSTP uses port role election, similar to rapid STP on the instances. | | B. MSTP uses alternate path and primary path, similar to regular STP. | | C. MSTP uses root bridge selection, similar to rapid STP | | D. MSTP uses timers for transitioning the ports, similar to regular STP. |
C. MSTP uses root bridge selection, similar to rapid STP
D. MSTP uses timers for transitioning the ports, similar to regular STP.
Explanation:
MSTP maintains core concepts of spanning tree protocols, making these answers correct:
Root Bridge Selection: Like all STP variants, MSTP elects a root bridge for each MST instance (MSTI).expand_more Each MSTI has its own spanning tree topology, and the root bridge determination process is essential.
Port State Timers: MSTP relies on timers (Hello, Forward Delay, Max Age) to control transitions between port states (Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding) – a fundamental principle shared with other STP implementations.expand_more
Why Other Options Are Less Accurate:
A. MSTP uses port role election, similar to rapid STP on the instances.While port roles exist in MSTP, there are nuanced differences compared to RSTP. MSTP assigns port roles within each MSTI, not on a global, per-switch basis like RSTP.
B. MSTP uses alternate path and primary path, similar to regular STP. The concept of alternate and root ports exists in classic STP. MSTP utilizes a different approach within each MSTI, potentially using multiple active paths at the same time.
Question # 5
| What are two ways in which automatic MAC address quarantine works on FortiSwitch? (Choose two.) | | A. FortiSwitch supports only by VLAN quarantine mode. | | B. FortiGate applies the quarantine-related configuration only on FortiGate. | | C. FortiAnalyzer with a threat detection services license is required. | | D. MAC address quarantine can be enabled through the FortiGate CLI only. |
B. FortiGate applies the quarantine-related configuration only on FortiGate.
D. MAC address quarantine can be enabled through the FortiGate CLI only.
Explanation:
Automatic MAC address quarantine is a security feature within the FortiGate/FortiSwitch integration. Here's how it works and why the answers are correct:
The Role of FortiGate: FortiGate is the central decision point for quarantine actions. It identifies suspicious MAC addresses and communicates quarantine instructions to the FortiSwitch. The FortiSwitch doesn't make quarantine decisions on its own.
Quarantine Mechanisms: While the decision is made on FortiGate, FortiSwitch supports two ways to enforce the quarantine:
VLAN Quarantine Mode: In this mode, the FortiSwitch moves the quarantined MAC address into a dedicated quarantine VLAN. This isolates the device.exclamation
Port Quarantine Mode: The FortiSwitch disables the physical port where the quarantined MAC address is detected.
Configuration: Enabling MAC address quarantine involves configuring parameters on the FortiGate, notably via the CLI but also through the GUI depending on your FortiOS version.
Why the Other Options are Incorrect:
A. FortiSwitch supports only by VLAN quarantine mode.This is incorrect. FortiSwitch can use both VLAN-based and port-based quarantine methods.
C. FortiAnalyzer with a threat detection services license is required.FortiAnalyzer can provide deeper analysis and logging, but it's not mandatory for the core functionality of MAC address quarantine.
Question # 6
| What type of multimode transceiver can be used to split a 40G port? | | A. QSFP+ transceiver | | B. SFP transceiver | | C. QSFP transceiver | | D. SFP+ transceiver |
A. QSFP+ transceiver
Explanation:
QSFP+ transceiver (A): The QSFP+ (Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable Plus) transceiver is designed to handle 40G data rates and can be used to split a 40G port into multiple 10G connections. This type of transceiver supports such configurations, making it suitable for high-density applications where multiple 10G connections are derived from a single 40G port, thereby maximizing the utilization of the port and the fiber infrastructure.
Question # 7
| Which statement about using MAC, IP, and protocol-based VLANs on FortiSwitch is true? | | A. lt is a scalable and secure solution in comparison to other Layer 2 security measures. | | B. FortiSwitch uses only the Ethernet type to assign traffic to VLANs. | | C. It provides benefits that can be obtained when using 802.1X authentication. | | D. Endpoints are required to use the same FortiSwitch port to remain members of the VLAN. |
C. It provides benefits that can be obtained when using 802.1X authentication.
Explanation:
It provides benefits that can be obtained when using 802.1X authentication (C): MAC, IP, and protocol-based VLANs on FortiSwitch are beneficial in network environments where additional granularity is needed in traffic segmentation and security, similar to what can be achieved through 802.1X authentication. These VLAN types allow for dynamic assignment of ports to VLANs based on the characteristics of the incoming traffic, enhancing both security and network efficiency.
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