Question # 1
Which technique is used in RAID level 0 where the data is split into blocks and written evenly across multiple disks? | A. Disk mirroring | B. Disk stripping | C. Data splitting | D. Disk partition |
B. Disk stripping
Explanation:
RAID level 0 employs a technique known as disk stripping, which involves splitting data into blocks and distributing them evenly across multiple disks. This method enhances performance by allowing simultaneous read and write operations on multiple drives. However, it does not provide redundancy, meaning if one drive fails, all data on the array could be lost. The primary advantage of disk stripping is the improved I/O performance due to the parallel processing of data across the drives.
References: This explanation is based on standard RAID technology descriptions, which are part of the Certified Network Defender (CND) curriculum that covers various data storage strategies, including RAID configurations1234.
Question # 2
Paul is a network security technician working on a contract for a laptop manufacturing company in Chicago. He has focused primarily on securing network devices, firewalls, and traffic traversing in and out of the
network. He just finished setting up a server a gateway between the internal private network and the outside public network. This server will act as a proxy, limited amount of services, and will filter packets. What is this
type of server called? | A. Bastion host | B. Edge transport server | C. SOCKS hsot | D. Session layer firewall |
A. Bastion host
Explanation:
The server described in the question is known as a Bastion host. A Bastion host is a special-purpose computer on a network specifically designed and configured to withstand attacks. It is typically placed in a network’s demilitarized zone (DMZ) and acts as a proxy server, offering limited services and filtering packets to protect the internal private network from the public network. It is hardened due to its exposure to potential attacks and usually hosts a single application, like a proxy server, while all other services are removed or limited to reduce the threat surface1.
References: The definition and role of a Bastion host align with the objectives and documents of the EC-Council’s Certified Network Defender (CND) course, which emphasizes the importance of securing network devices and managing traffic between internal and external networks1
Question # 3
Which encryption algorithm h used by WPA5 encryption? | A. RC4.TKIP | B. RC4 | C. AES-GCMP 256 | D. AES-CCMP |
C. AES-GCMP 256
Explanation:
WPA5 is not a standard term used in the industry, and there seems to be a confusion or typo in the question. However, based on the context of Wi-Fi security and encryption, the closest relevant standard is WPA3, which uses AES-GCMP 256 as its encryption algorithm. WPA3 is the successor to WPA2 and provides enhanced security features. It uses the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with Galois/Counter Mode Protocol (GCMP) 256-bit encryption, which offers a higher level of security than the previous encryption methods used in WPA2, such as AES-CCMP. AES-GCMP 256 provides robust protection against various attacks and is designed to work efficiently on a wide range of devices, including those with limited processing capabilities.
References: The information provided is based on the current understanding of Wi-Fi security protocols, specifically the WPA3 standard, which is known to use AES-GCMP 256-bit encryption123.
Question # 4
The company has implemented a backup plan. James is working as a network administrator for the company and is taking full backups of the data every time a backup is initiated. Alex who is a senior security manager
talks to him about using a differential backup instead and asks him to implement this once a full backup of the data is completed. What is/are the reason(s) Alex is suggesting that James use a differential backup?
(Select all that apply) | A. Less storage space is required | B. Father restoration | C. Slower than a full backup | D. Faster than a full backup | E. Less expensive than full backup |
A. Less storage space is required E. Less expensive than full backup
Explanation:
Differential backups are advantageous because they only back up data that has changed since the last full backup. This means they require less storage space than taking a full backup every time, which can be significant as data accumulates over time. Additionally, differential backups are generally faster than full backups because they involve less data. This speed can be crucial for maintaining regular backup schedules without disrupting network operations. Lastly, because differential backups involve less data and take less time, they can be less expensive than full backups, considering the costs associated with storage and the time required for backup operations.
References: The Certified Network Defender (CND) program by EC-Council includes discussions on various backup strategies, including differential backups, as part of its comprehensive approach to network security. The program emphasizes the importance of efficient and effective backup strategies as a part of disaster recovery and business continuity planning12.
Question # 5
Richard has been working as a Linux system administrator at an MNC. He wants to maintain a productive and secure environment by improving the performance of the systems through Linux patch management. Richard is using Ubuntu and wants to patch the Linux systems manually. Which among the following command installs updates (new ones) for Debun based Linux OSes? | A. sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
| B. sudo apt-get update
| C. sudo apt-get dist-update
| D. sudo apt-get upgrate
|
A. sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
Explanation:
The command sudo apt-get dist-upgrade is used to install updates for Debian-based Linux operating systems, which includes Ubuntu. This command intelligently handles changes with new versions of packages and will install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the system. It also handles changing dependencies with new versions of packages and will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of less important ones if necessary. The dist-upgrade command, therefore, will install or remove packages as necessary to complete the full update.
Question # 6
You are tasked to perform black hat vulnerability assessment for a client. You received official written permission to work with: company site, forum, Linux server with LAMP, where this site is hosted.
Which vulnerability assessment tool should you consider using? | A. OpenVAS | B. hping | C. wireshark | D. dnsbrute |
A. OpenVAS
Explanation:
OpenVAS stands out as the most suitable tool for conducting a vulnerability assessment on a Linux server with LAMP. It is a full-featured vulnerability scanner that’s actively maintained and updated, capable of detecting thousands of vulnerabilities in network services and software. For a black hat vulnerability assessment, which implies testing from the perspective of a potential attacker, OpenVAS can simulate attacks on the network services running on the LAMP stack and identify vulnerabilities that could be exploited.
References: The choice of OpenVAS is supported by its inclusion in various lists of top vulnerability assessment tools for Linux servers. It is specifically designed to perform comprehensive scans and is frequently updated to include the latest vulnerability checks12.
Question # 7
A stateful multilayer inspection firewall combines the aspects of Application level gateway, Circuit level gateway and Packet filtering firewall. On which layers of the OSI model, does the Stateful
multilayer inspection firewall works? | A. Network, Session & Application | B. Physical & application | C. Session & network | D. Physical, session & application |
A. Network, Session & Application
Explanation:
A stateful multilayer inspection firewall operates across multiple layers of the OSI model, specifically the Network, Session, and Application layers. It combines the features of packet filtering, circuit-level gateway, and application-level gateway firewalls. This type of firewall inspects the state and context of network traffic, ensuring that all packets are part of a known and valid session. It can make decisions based on the connection state as well as the contents of the traffic, providing a thorough inspection across these layers.
References: The information is consistent with the characteristics of stateful multilayer inspection firewalls as described in various sources, which confirm that they work across the Network, Session, and Application layers of the OSI model1234.
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